Recently, some newspapers reported: "Thai Binh farmers built "power plants" to compete with EVN, the model is enough to meet the needs of 20 households at a price equal to 1/5 of the industry price. Electricity is being sold; businesses, even Japanese businesses, are coming to visit the model and want to buy technology... causing a stir in public opinion and misunderstandings about this model Approaching the "electricity incinerator" model and working with author Bui Khac Kien from the first day, I would like to state the truth about the technology and process of "electricity incinerator" by author Bui Khac Kien. in Thai Binh for readers to learn about.
1. About Ideas. Mr. Kien's idea of a "waste incinerator to generate electricity" is not new. Is it only for non-believers who do not have information about science and technology?
The use of household waste for cooking, hot water supply and lighting has been around for a long time in the world and in Vietnam. There are mainly three methods of treating household waste: Burying, composting for biofertilizer production and incineration to generate electricity. Comparing the three methods, combustion for electricity generation has a prominent advantage. In Europe, Japan, and China, urban household waste is basically treated by burning to generate electricity. Since 1987, China had the first waste incineration plant to generate electricity. By the end of 2012, China had 142 domestic waste incineration plants to generate electricity with a total processing scale of 124 thousand tons of waste, a total capacity of installed capacity is about 2,600 MW...
In Vietnam, since 1996, the Institute of Agricultural Mechanics (project leader is Professor Pham Van Lang) has implemented a project to build a power generation technology line using fuel from rice husks, with a capacity of 50kw to serve for drying agricultural and forestry products. To date, there have been over 70 fluidized bed multi-fuel boiler systems sold to businesses. There are 20 systems sold as a package and transferred to businesses to operate. Another 50 systems were installed at the enterprise and sold to businesses for use. From this success, the first rice husk-fired thermal power plant project in Vietnam was started at the end of December 2013, on an area of 9 hectares in Long My town, Hau Giang with a total investment of about 31 million VND. million USD, supported by EximBank Malaysia and Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam. This is the first factory in the project to build 20 rice husk-fired thermal power plants in Vietnam. In particular, the Mekong Delta is invested and built in 5 provinces including: An Giang, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Dong Thap and Can Tho with a total capacity of 200MW.
Currently in Thai Binh as well as other localities nationwide, garbage incinerators using Japanese technology (NFI-05 furnace) have been installed by many localities; Compact furnace design (length: 2.56m; width: 1.405m, height: 2.0m, weight: 8.5 tons), burns 450kg of trash/hour. The furnace does not require electricity or oil and is completely powered by natural gas; does not pollute the environment.. to treat household waste in rural areas and crowded towns, bringing high economic and social efficiency and being accepted by society.
2. About design. Mr. Kien's "electricity incinerator" has absolutely no detailed design, only a hand-drawn drawing on a page, no captions... (photo), so it is difficult to comment because there is no opportunity to comment. science department.
3. About the incinerator. In fact, it was created from an improved "forge", like many other "forges". Is there any difference that this "forge" is made larger, with a diameter of about 50cm, the inside is built of fire-resistant bricks, the outside is covered with a drum shell. On the outside, the mouth of the furnace is separated into 2 doors (both can put trash in), the bottom door has an additional register system to let coal ash come out at the bottom. If you want to light the furnace and during the burning process, you must have 2 large capacity electric fans that continuously blow air into the furnace... but the fire still "spits" out the mouth of the furnace. In essence, this is a type of 'continuous forced' combustion, during the combustion process, otherwise the furnace fan will turn off continuously. Due to the use of high-capacity, continuous fans, during the burning process, smoke, dust, coal, toxic gases.... fly around...
4. About the boiler. With the motto of what you think, you do it, so initially at Thai Giang market, the boiler was "a drum" sealed and covered with sacks, bags, torn clothes... After checking After investigating and finding it unsafe, we asked Mr. Kien not to test the model at the market because it could easily endanger many people.
Mr. Kien then moved the model home and bought a boiler from Dong Anh Boiler and Pressure Equipment Joint Stock Company, code LHT D0.05/15, steam production capacity of 50kg/hour, rated pressure. 15bar saturated steam.
5. About power generation turbines. The fan blade is hand-welded and sealed so it is impossible to see the inside. When Mr. Kien disassembled it, we saw it in detail. The turbine is a waterwheel-style rotating impeller enclosed in a sealed corrugated iron tank, with no speed adjustment. The turbine is connected to a Chinese 3kw generator through a transmission belt. The electricity generated from the generator is sent to a number of 100W bulbs as samples.
6. About electricity generation. Of all 3 times Mr. Kien operated the "electricity incinerator", only 1 time was successful, lighting up 7-10 100W electric bulbs for a period of 2-3 minutes. Thus, it is not true that the "garbage incinerator" has generated enough electricity for Mr. Kien's family and 20 surrounding households to use; In fact, the quality of electricity produced from the "garbage generator" only "flashes" a few light bulbs. The amount of electricity to rotate the 2 large capacity fans blowing air into the furnace every time it is burned is taken from EVN..
On July 26, 2012, a delegation of experts from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Department of Safety (Ministry of Labor and Invalids and Social Affairs), Center for Standards and Quality Measurement Techniques (Region I - Ministry of Science and Technology) and other experts In Thai Binh, they did not dare to let Mr. Kien try generating electricity for fear that it would not be safe for many people.
7. Economic efficiency. There is no way the "waste incinerator" could generate electricity for Mr. Kien's family and 20 surrounding households to use, and it cannot be said that the electricity cost is only 1/5 of that of EVN. Every month, Mr. Kien's family and 20 surrounding households still pay electricity to EVN in the commune, because the "waste incinerator" only "flashes" a few light bulbs when operating.
8. Environmental efficiency. Because there is no process for collecting and treating dust and smoke... every time the "electricity generator" burns experimentally, the entire surrounding environment is covered with smoke and dust. In that thick smoke and dust, there is also dust from inorganic plastic pesticide packaging, benzene compounds... burned into the air... causing serious pollution to the surrounding environment.
9. Fire safety. Due to self-design and self-construction using materials "scavenged" around the house and coupled with a lack of understanding of boiler techniques, electricity generation techniques..., fire and explosion safety can occur at any time. Therefore, on July 26, 2012, a group of experts from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Department of Safety (Ministry of Labor and Invalids and Social Affairs), Center for Standards and Quality Measurement Techniques (Region I - Ministry of Science and Technology) together Experts in Thai Binh did not dare to let Mr. Kien try generating electricity for fear that it would not be safe for many people.
10. Information quality. Due to 'ideas' and 'dreams', the author gave inaccurate information (not to mention lack of understanding) causing misunderstanding in public opinion:
- Oven temperature from 1600-2000 degrees Celsius. In fact, Thai Binh Department of Science and Technology measured at 5 points for several hours during the experiment (August 2012) and gave the following results: The average temperature of the material input door is 631.85 degrees Celsius, the average temperature of the 30cm furnace body is 902 degrees Celsius. Garbage incinerators from Japan, Thailand... are currently being used in Vietnam, with a maximum burning temperature of about 850-1000 degrees Celsius (if Mr. Kien's garbage incinerator reaches a temperature of 2000 degrees Celsius, a Nobel Prize should be awarded... Probably Because of this information, the Japanese rushed to buy the copyright???).
- Increase boiler pressure to 75bar... In the boiler design, the maximum allowed is 15bar.
- "Electrical waste incinerator" can provide electricity for 20 households? Since the "waste incinerator" model came into operation, Mr. Kien's family and 20 surrounding households still pay for electricity like many other households in Thai Binh. So where does the electricity Mr. Kien produces and supplies go? (The monthly electricity bill in Thai Giang commune clearly shows this).
All of the above information is just from "imagination". From imaginary information, a wave of unnecessary and time-wasting public opinion has been created.
11. Conclusion. It can be affirmed: Mr. Kien's "waste incinerator to generate electricity" model is neither new nor successful; Only successful at the "idea" level. From idea to practice is a long and arduous journey, because ideas are not miracles